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// Copyright 2016 The Go Authors. All rights reserved. // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style // license that can be found in the LICENSE file. package sync_test import ( "fmt" "reflect" "sync" "sync/atomic" "testing" ) type bench struct { setup func(*testing.B, mapInterface) perG func(b *testing.B, pb *testing.PB, i int, m mapInterface) } func benchMap(b *testing.B, bench bench) { for _, m := range [...]mapInterface{&DeepCopyMap{}, &RWMutexMap{}, &sync.Map{}} { b.Run(fmt.Sprintf("%T", m), func(b *testing.B) { m = reflect.New(reflect.TypeOf(m).Elem()).Interface().(mapInterface) if bench.setup != nil { bench.setup(b, m) } b.ResetTimer() var i int64 b.RunParallel(func(pb *testing.PB) { id := int(atomic.AddInt64(&i, 1) - 1) bench.perG(b, pb, id*b.N, m) }) }) } } func BenchmarkLoadMostlyHits(b *testing.B) { const hits, misses = 1023, 1 benchMap(b, bench{ setup: func(_ *testing.B, m mapInterface) { for i := 0; i < hits; i++ { m.LoadOrStore(i, i) } // Prime the map to get it into a steady state. for i := 0; i < hits*2; i++ { m.Load(i % hits) } }, perG: func(b *testing.B, pb *testing.PB, i int, m mapInterface) { for ; pb.Next(); i++ { m.Load(i % (hits + misses)) } }, }) } func BenchmarkLoadMostlyMisses(b *testing.B) { const hits, misses = 1, 1023 benchMap(b, bench{ setup: func(_ *testing.B, m mapInterface) { for i := 0; i < hits; i++ { m.LoadOrStore(i, i) } // Prime the map to get it into a steady state. for i := 0; i < hits*2; i++ { m.Load(i % hits) } }, perG: func(b *testing.B, pb *testing.PB, i int, m mapInterface) { for ; pb.Next(); i++ { m.Load(i % (hits + misses)) } }, }) } func BenchmarkLoadOrStoreBalanced(b *testing.B) { const hits, misses = 128, 128 benchMap(b, bench{ setup: func(b *testing.B, m mapInterface) { if _, ok := m.(*DeepCopyMap); ok { b.Skip("DeepCopyMap has quadratic running time.") } for i := 0; i < hits; i++ { m.LoadOrStore(i, i) } // Prime the map to get it into a steady state. for i := 0; i < hits*2; i++ { m.Load(i % hits) } }, perG: func(b *testing.B, pb *testing.PB, i int, m mapInterface) { for ; pb.Next(); i++ { j := i % (hits + misses) if j < hits { if _, ok := m.LoadOrStore(j, i); !ok { b.Fatalf("unexpected miss for %v", j) } } else { if v, loaded := m.LoadOrStore(i, i); loaded { b.Fatalf("failed to store %v: existing value %v", i, v) } } } }, }) } func BenchmarkLoadOrStoreUnique(b *testing.B) { benchMap(b, bench{ setup: func(b *testing.B, m mapInterface) { if _, ok := m.(*DeepCopyMap); ok { b.Skip("DeepCopyMap has quadratic running time.") } }, perG: func(b *testing.B, pb *testing.PB, i int, m mapInterface) { for ; pb.Next(); i++ { m.LoadOrStore(i, i) } }, }) } func BenchmarkLoadOrStoreCollision(b *testing.B) { benchMap(b, bench{ setup: func(_ *testing.B, m mapInterface) { m.LoadOrStore(0, 0) }, perG: func(b *testing.B, pb *testing.PB, i int, m mapInterface) { for ; pb.Next(); i++ { m.LoadOrStore(0, 0) } }, }) } func BenchmarkLoadAndDeleteBalanced(b *testing.B) { const hits, misses = 128, 128 benchMap(b, bench{ setup: func(b *testing.B, m mapInterface) { if _, ok := m.(*DeepCopyMap); ok { b.Skip("DeepCopyMap has quadratic running time.") } for i := 0; i < hits; i++ { m.LoadOrStore(i, i) } // Prime the map to get it into a steady state. for i := 0; i < hits*2; i++ { m.Load(i % hits) } }, perG: func(b *testing.B, pb *testing.PB, i int, m mapInterface) { for ; pb.Next(); i++ { j := i % (hits + misses) if j < hits { m.LoadAndDelete(j) } else { m.LoadAndDelete(i) } } }, }) } func BenchmarkLoadAndDeleteUnique(b *testing.B) { benchMap(b, bench{ setup: func(b *testing.B, m mapInterface) { if _, ok := m.(*DeepCopyMap); ok { b.Skip("DeepCopyMap has quadratic running time.") } }, perG: func(b *testing.B, pb *testing.PB, i int, m mapInterface) { for ; pb.Next(); i++ { m.LoadAndDelete(i) } }, }) } func BenchmarkLoadAndDeleteCollision(b *testing.B) { benchMap(b, bench{ setup: func(_ *testing.B, m mapInterface) { m.LoadOrStore(0, 0) }, perG: func(b *testing.B, pb *testing.PB, i int, m mapInterface) { for ; pb.Next(); i++ { if _, loaded := m.LoadAndDelete(0); loaded { m.Store(0, 0) } } }, }) } func BenchmarkRange(b *testing.B) { const mapSize = 1 << 10 benchMap(b, bench{ setup: func(_ *testing.B, m mapInterface) { for i := 0; i < mapSize; i++ { m.Store(i, i) } }, perG: func(b *testing.B, pb *testing.PB, i int, m mapInterface) { for ; pb.Next(); i++ { m.Range(func(_, _ any) bool { return true }) } }, }) } // BenchmarkAdversarialAlloc tests performance when we store a new value // immediately whenever the map is promoted to clean and otherwise load a // unique, missing key. // // This forces the Load calls to always acquire the map's mutex. func BenchmarkAdversarialAlloc(b *testing.B) { benchMap(b, bench{ perG: func(b *testing.B, pb *testing.PB, i int, m mapInterface) { var stores, loadsSinceStore int64 for ; pb.Next(); i++ { m.Load(i) if loadsSinceStore++; loadsSinceStore > stores { m.LoadOrStore(i, stores) loadsSinceStore = 0 stores++ } } }, }) } // BenchmarkAdversarialDelete tests performance when we periodically delete // one key and add a different one in a large map. // // This forces the Load calls to always acquire the map's mutex and periodically // makes a full copy of the map despite changing only one entry. func BenchmarkAdversarialDelete(b *testing.B) { const mapSize = 1 << 10 benchMap(b, bench{ setup: func(_ *testing.B, m mapInterface) { for i := 0; i < mapSize; i++ { m.Store(i, i) } }, perG: func(b *testing.B, pb *testing.PB, i int, m mapInterface) { for ; pb.Next(); i++ { m.Load(i) if i%mapSize == 0 { m.Range(func(k, _ any) bool { m.Delete(k) return false }) m.Store(i, i) } } }, }) } func BenchmarkDeleteCollision(b *testing.B) { benchMap(b, bench{ setup: func(_ *testing.B, m mapInterface) { m.LoadOrStore(0, 0) }, perG: func(b *testing.B, pb *testing.PB, i int, m mapInterface) { for ; pb.Next(); i++ { m.Delete(0) } }, }) } func BenchmarkSwapCollision(b *testing.B) { benchMap(b, bench{ setup: func(_ *testing.B, m mapInterface) { m.LoadOrStore(0, 0) }, perG: func(b *testing.B, pb *testing.PB, i int, m mapInterface) { for ; pb.Next(); i++ { m.Swap(0, 0) } }, }) } func BenchmarkSwapMostlyHits(b *testing.B) { const hits, misses = 1023, 1 benchMap(b, bench{ setup: func(_ *testing.B, m mapInterface) { for i := 0; i < hits; i++ { m.LoadOrStore(i, i) } // Prime the map to get it into a steady state. for i := 0; i < hits*2; i++ { m.Load(i % hits) } }, perG: func(b *testing.B, pb *testing.PB, i int, m mapInterface) { for ; pb.Next(); i++ { if i%(hits+misses) < hits { v := i % (hits + misses) m.Swap(v, v) } else { m.Swap(i, i) m.Delete(i) } } }, }) } func BenchmarkSwapMostlyMisses(b *testing.B) { const hits, misses = 1, 1023 benchMap(b, bench{ setup: func(_ *testing.B, m mapInterface) { for i := 0; i < hits; i++ { m.LoadOrStore(i, i) } // Prime the map to get it into a steady state. for i := 0; i < hits*2; i++ { m.Load(i % hits) } }, perG: func(b *testing.B, pb *testing.PB, i int, m mapInterface) { for ; pb.Next(); i++ { if i%(hits+misses) < hits { v := i % (hits + misses) m.Swap(v, v) } else { m.Swap(i, i) m.Delete(i) } } }, }) } func BenchmarkCompareAndSwapCollision(b *testing.B) { benchMap(b, bench{ setup: func(_ *testing.B, m mapInterface) { m.LoadOrStore(0, 0) }, perG: func(b *testing.B, pb *testing.PB, i int, m mapInterface) { for pb.Next() { if m.CompareAndSwap(0, 0, 42) { m.CompareAndSwap(0, 42, 0) } } }, }) } func BenchmarkCompareAndSwapNoExistingKey(b *testing.B) { benchMap(b, bench{ perG: func(b *testing.B, pb *testing.PB, i int, m mapInterface) { for ; pb.Next(); i++ { if m.CompareAndSwap(i, 0, 0) { m.Delete(i) } } }, }) } func BenchmarkCompareAndSwapValueNotEqual(b *testing.B) { benchMap(b, bench{ setup: func(_ *testing.B, m mapInterface) { m.Store(0, 0) }, perG: func(b *testing.B, pb *testing.PB, i int, m mapInterface) { for ; pb.Next(); i++ { m.CompareAndSwap(0, 1, 2) } }, }) } func BenchmarkCompareAndSwapMostlyHits(b *testing.B) { const hits, misses = 1023, 1 benchMap(b, bench{ setup: func(b *testing.B, m mapInterface) { if _, ok := m.(*DeepCopyMap); ok { b.Skip("DeepCopyMap has quadratic running time.") } for i := 0; i < hits; i++ { m.LoadOrStore(i, i) } // Prime the map to get it into a steady state. for i := 0; i < hits*2; i++ { m.Load(i % hits) } }, perG: func(b *testing.B, pb *testing.PB, i int, m mapInterface) { for ; pb.Next(); i++ { v := i if i%(hits+misses) < hits { v = i % (hits + misses) } m.CompareAndSwap(v, v, v) } }, }) } func BenchmarkCompareAndSwapMostlyMisses(b *testing.B) { const hits, misses = 1, 1023 benchMap(b, bench{ setup: func(_ *testing.B, m mapInterface) { for i := 0; i < hits; i++ { m.LoadOrStore(i, i) } // Prime the map to get it into a steady state. for i := 0; i < hits*2; i++ { m.Load(i % hits) } }, perG: func(b *testing.B, pb *testing.PB, i int, m mapInterface) { for ; pb.Next(); i++ { v := i if i%(hits+misses) < hits { v = i % (hits + misses) } m.CompareAndSwap(v, v, v) } }, }) } func BenchmarkCompareAndDeleteCollision(b *testing.B) { benchMap(b, bench{ setup: func(_ *testing.B, m mapInterface) { m.LoadOrStore(0, 0) }, perG: func(b *testing.B, pb *testing.PB, i int, m mapInterface) { for ; pb.Next(); i++ { if m.CompareAndDelete(0, 0) { m.Store(0, 0) } } }, }) } func BenchmarkCompareAndDeleteMostlyHits(b *testing.B) { const hits, misses = 1023, 1 benchMap(b, bench{ setup: func(b *testing.B, m mapInterface) { if _, ok := m.(*DeepCopyMap); ok { b.Skip("DeepCopyMap has quadratic running time.") } for i := 0; i < hits; i++ { m.LoadOrStore(i, i) } // Prime the map to get it into a steady state. for i := 0; i < hits*2; i++ { m.Load(i % hits) } }, perG: func(b *testing.B, pb *testing.PB, i int, m mapInterface) { for ; pb.Next(); i++ { v := i if i%(hits+misses) < hits { v = i % (hits + misses) } if m.CompareAndDelete(v, v) { m.Store(v, v) } } }, }) } func BenchmarkCompareAndDeleteMostlyMisses(b *testing.B) { const hits, misses = 1, 1023 benchMap(b, bench{ setup: func(_ *testing.B, m mapInterface) { for i := 0; i < hits; i++ { m.LoadOrStore(i, i) } // Prime the map to get it into a steady state. for i := 0; i < hits*2; i++ { m.Load(i % hits) } }, perG: func(b *testing.B, pb *testing.PB, i int, m mapInterface) { for ; pb.Next(); i++ { v := i if i%(hits+misses) < hits { v = i % (hits + misses) } if m.CompareAndDelete(v, v) { m.Store(v, v) } } }, }) }